Pathology

Pathology

The dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) attributes to the concept of pathology two meanings: one presents it as the branch of medicine that focuses on the diseases of the human being and, the other, as the group of symptoms associated with a certain ailment. In this sense, this word should not be confused with the notion of nosology , which consists of the description and systematization of the set of evils that can affect man.

The pathology, experts say, is devoted to studying diseases in their widest acceptance , such as unusual states or processes that may arise for known or unknown reasons. To demonstrate the presence of a disease, an injury is sought and observed in its structural levels, the existence of a microorganism ( virus , bacteria , parasite or fungus ) is detected or work is done on the alteration of some component of the organism.

Pathology specialists can be classified, according to their field of action, into clinical pathologists or anatomopathologists . The former specialize in diagnosis by means of analyzes obtained and examined within the framework of a clinical laboratory. The pathologists, on the other hand, concentrate their efforts on the deductions to which they can arrive based on the morphological observation of injuries.

Other concepts related to pathology are the etiology (branch focused on studying the origins of each disease) and the pathogenesis (the series of pathological changes with the exclusion of the causes that cause it). The latter can be addressed from a viewpoint functional (as does the pathophysiology ) or morphological (the general pathology ). Both act in a complementary way for the understanding of the pathogenesis.

The branch that consists in the study of the morphological aspects of the pathogenesis is called morphopathology or general pathology. Its application in order to recognize the causes of a certain disease does not guarantee success in 100% of cases.

Social pathology

Any feature of behavior that does not respond to normal parameters within a social framework is considered a pathology . There are a number of factors that lead to mental and emotional instability, among which we find excessive work and fatigue, nervous tension, the noise of cities, the breakdown of the traditional family model and the excessive and unsupervised consumption of drugs.

The growing tendency of societies to generalize is a nefarious process that brings together the portion of the population that has the highest percentage of coincidences in their tastes, beliefs and physical characteristics and ignores the rest and labels it as a minority. In this last set of human beings, we find a great variety, and have little in common among them, beyond their species. From people with hearing problems to delinquents , to homosexuals and poor people , they are all set aside so that they do not distract others from advertising campaigns.

Crime as a social pathology

If we understand the set of norms and laws of a society as normal and acceptable , then a person who goes against him presents a social pathology. Since crime is not only an act that is not governed by pre-established rules but also violates the freedom of citizens, this type of behavior entails sanctions to ensure the safety of the people .

In turn, to combat this pathology, the State promises to help those who commit crimes understand the value and importance of respecting the laws. In an ideal situation, these people manage to reinsert themselves into society , having adopted a new vision of community life, which includes respect for freedom.